Thursday 28 February 2013

Looking at interviews - is my style right?

Upon reflection of the question and answers I have attained throughout the method of interview, I thought 'is this meeting my inquiry requirements?' I have managed to establish vast sources and a depth in information, but on looking at analysing the documentation I thought it key to once again refresh and understand the technique that I applied.
I began by looking back at what I had originally researched and defined in module 2, through the work of piloting. Here I discovered the intense qualitative information it provided, provoked by the question asked, of which I fully analysed in a post entitled 'Analysing my tools of professional inquiry...'. The relaxed situation allowed for side tracking and elaboration, a positive quality when contained within the session. I took onboard these criticisms and improved upon how I tackled interviews throughout the next section of my inquiry, but is this enough?
Before submitting and fully analysing the data I have sourced I found an article online detailing interview techniques, except this time from the perspective of a someone in the media, for example; a journalist or presenter. It highlighted the goals each interview situation aims to achieve:

  1. 'Obtain the interviewee's knowledge about the topic'
  2. 'Obtain the interviewee's opinion and/or feelings about the topic'
  3. 'Feature the interviewee as the subject'
The first two bullet points is common practice within this technique as we have already established this knowledge in module 2, however it was the third that really got me thinking about how the media approach an interview situation. The article continued to highlight the importance of doing your 'homework', which in this case would be knowing the background to the person you are interviewing, as opposed to knowing the backgrounds of our own theories and inquiry purpose. With an interest in entering the media this was a fairly thought provoking point to me and left me thinking if I now conducted an interview with the same people knowing a little more about their background and them as people would my questions be different? Would the information I source be less or more valuable? However this 'people' technique is very much for the intent of a specialised interview when addressing a particular person in a particular situation to source particular information.
The article continued to offer advice on open ended questions which I also found of interest:

Closed-Ended Question                        Open-Ended Question
Do you get on well with your boss?  Tell me about your relationship with your boss.
Who will you vote for this election?         What do you think about the two candidates in this  
                                                                         election?
What colour shirt are you wearing?  That's an interesting coloured shirt you're wearing. 

I feel that the examples above clearly show the difference in how the approach to the question will influence the answers. Another situation where this can occur is in the ability to ask leading questions, however the result in asking these ineffectively can be more detrimental then just stopping the flow of the conversation:

How fast was the red car going when it smashed into the blue car? - This question implies that the red car was at fault, and the word "smashed" implies a high speed.

How fast was each car going when the accident happened? - This question does not assign any blame or pre-judgment.

These two examples show how the way in which a question is worded can create bias within the interview situation, an act of which we do not want intertwined within our data.

When engaging this information with the data I have already gathered I can see how I have ensured no bias influenced my results. The research I have captured is very much relevant to learning about the backgrounds of these people first hand, rather than researching their history first. Of course I had an understanding of who they were, but the idea of the information gathered from these interviews was to learn 'how to break into the industry?' which is exactly what I have learnt about these peoples journeys. The stories I have gathered range vastly, from working their way up to knowing someone within the company, however all wish to remain anonymous through protection of their jobs and to an extent mine. It is how I now analyse this data, with relevance to my hypothesis and my supportive literature reviews relating to already established theories and experiences.

Finally the the article finished by detailing 'interview tips' of which I also found very useful. I have posted the link below for you to take a look...

7 comments:

  1. Hi Simone,

    Thanks for sharing this - I am also using interviews as a tool so it was interesting to read how you are getting on, and to remind myself how important the phrasing of questions can be. I have chosen a 'semi-structured' approach, which means all my questions are not necessarily planned in advance but I rather see where the conversation leads. I have been been very aware of the temptation to ask leading questions biased by my own ideas or expectations, but I have to keep making a mental note not to!

    Like you, my subjects also wish to remain anonymous. Are you concerned at all about this effecting the way you present your findings in the professional artefact? I am trying to think of interesting ways to present my data, as my feeling is that the opinions gathered may somehow be less meaningful if we don't know who's they are. For example, we might take more seriously comments from a well known actor whom I admire, than a recent graduate who I have never heard of. I'd love your thoughts on this.

    Stephanie

    ReplyDelete
  2. Hi Stephanie,
    Thankyou, I just found myself engulfed by information and though it useful to re-fresh how best to capture it. I know what you mean, I am not quite so worried about this as I think you have to remember what the information means to you and your inquiry. Obviously the status of the source can be far more influential, but can you not reveal where they are from? The work they do? Any achievements? Without fully revealing their identity?
    What other research methods are you employing? What is the nature of your inquiry? I'd be keen to know how your getting on, it sounds like you share similar ideas to me.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Thanks Simone - you are right, if carefully worded it can be possible to list certain information about a participant without revealing their identity, in order to make their opinions meaningful to others. Perhaps I am getting overly hung-up about that.

      My inquiry is looking at 'polymathy' - basically looking at the careers of actors who also do other things, such as write or direct, and the potential positive and negative effects of that on their career. What's your working title?

      I am also doing a small survey, but the bulk of my research will be conducted through interviews, as I felt a qualitative approach would help to me dig deeper into polymathy as a lifestyle/career choice.

      Looking forward to sharing some ideas.

      Delete
  3. Hi Simone

    I think you have brought up some very interesting points. I especially like the point about asking open-ended questions. I feel like it is very easy to ask closed questions with out even realising you are limiting the answer, then later wonder why you don’t have all of the information or opinions you need.

    I look forward to reading the article you have posted when I have a spare moment.

    Best wishes

    Em

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Hi Emily,
      Thankyou, I felt a little lost as I started to piece my 'analysis material' together so though it best to re-cap a little. How are you getting on with your inquiry?

      Delete
  4. Hi Simone,
    I found this post really helpful, I am trying to make up the questions for my first interview and am struggling.It is also proving difficult to attain the interviews that I want. Are you attending the next campus session? Be great to see you.
    Best wishes,
    Pauline

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Hi Pauline,
      I completely understand, some of the people I was hoping to interview just haven't had the time as of yet, but I'm trying not to rely on them for the purpose of my inquiry. How are you getting on with yours?
      I think I am, though the 10am session, what about yourself?

      Delete